Romeo and Juliet The Forbidden Love - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 881 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Romeo and Juliet Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? Romeo and Juliet: The Forbidden Love Love is like waking up in a field of yellow grass with the last rays of the sun keeping one just warm enough to want to stay there forever. To some, love is the most precious possession, which can’t be seen or heard, but felt within oneself. Love acknowledges no boundary. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Romeo and Juliet: The Forbidden Love" essay for you Create order It jumps hurdles, leaps fences, and demolishes walls to arrive at its destination full of hope. In Shakespeares tragic play Romeo and Juliet, two star-crossed lovers, Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, secretly participate in young romance strictly prohibited by their feuding families. As their young love blossoms, they constantly fight to be together. Romeo even went to an extent to where he allows Juliet to completely control him all because he wants to protect his vulnerable love for Juliet. Similarly, Juliet’s scheme to play dead so that she can be far away from the nurse and her parents to marry Romeo shows the sacrifices lovers make to be together. However, despite both Romeo’s and Juliet’s efforts to be together, a misunderstanding led to both of their demises at the end of the play. Overall, the shifting characteristics of the two lovers portray how when influenced by love, change and sacrifices need to be made by the people in love in order to shield the ir love from outside forces revolt. First, Juliet starts out as a naà ¯ve girl whos dependent on her family but falling in love with Romeo causes her to bravely sacrifice her own family to be together with him. Famously   Hridia 2 referred to as the â€Å"balcony scene,† Act 2, Scene 2 of Romeo and Juliet begins with Juliet standing on her bedroom balcony, talking to herself. She muses on how unfair it is that the striking gentleman she kissed moments ago is, in fact, Romeo Montague, a young man from the family her Capulet kin are warring with. She is so deeply in regret that she wishes, â€Å"Belonging to a man, O, be some other name† (2.2.41). As oblivious as Juliet is, she didn’t notice Romeo who has crept into the Capulet grounds, overheard her words. When he presents himself to Juliet, the two embark on a very passionate conversation in which they seldom confess their love for one another. Their declarations are cut short in fear that Romeo will be discovered and by Juliet’s nurse co nstantly calling her to come back into her bedroom. Before they separate, Juliet instructs Romeo to meet with her the following day to make a plan to elope and marry. Through Juliet’s daunting actions, Shakespeare portrays how when in love, sacrifices by lovers need to be made to have unison of two parties. When sacrifices are made it is proven how much one desires the other. Consequently, outside forces admire how one gives away certain aspects of their possessions to satisfy their lover, leading to no obstruction in continuing the love between two lovers. Second, Romeo starts out as a confident character but when he agrees to love Juliet, he becomes impulsive and allows Juliet of complete dominance over him. Romeo’s impulsive nature is evident as he crept behind enemy lines and claims that he has no fear of the Capulets. As he is driven by his ego, he immediately denies his heritage, claiming the Montague heritage is inferior to Juliet. In an attempt to learn how Romeo had trespassed he family grounds, Juliet Hridia 3 inquires Romeo. Flattered, Romeo, doesn’t hesitate to confidently respond, â€Å"there lies more peril in the thin eye, Than twenty of their swords† (2.2.71-72). He figures his pursuit of Juliet in the language of perilous adventure, where he must advance â€Å"stony limits† (2.2.67) and persevere through the â€Å"farthest sea† (2.2.83) in order to hit the target of his love and passion for Juliet. Regardless of his heroic portrayal, his self-confidence is reduced by the power Juliet has over him. Ever since she came into his life, she has a lot of control over him. Furthermore, Romeo describes himself as Juliet’s pet â€Å"bird† now, which signifies him as a tiny toy being manipulated by Juliet in every whim (2.2.182). However, her manipulation is only presented as love in Romeo’s eyes. It is evident that when in love, lovers change themselves no matter how drastic because it satisfies the other party. When the other party is happy, tranquility on another level is achieved. As a result, when outsides forces watch, it is hard to not admire how two lovers change for each other to bring out the best versions of themselves while keeping everyone else satisfied. Conclusion Therefore in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, it is evident that when two people are in love they change and make sacrifices to preserve their love. Romeo and Juliet are an example of this concept. Juliet is willing to sacrifice by leaving her family just to be with Romeo because she loves him that much. Similarly, Romeo changes from a boastful person to one that allows Juliet to control him all because he also loves Juliet. It is these sacrifices and change formed during relationships that help couples last, as it proves their genuineness and pure caring of each other, driving them to achieve the maximum point in each other’s passion.

Compare Contrast 3 Essays - 1982 Words

The three essays, quot;Thank God For The Atom Bombquot; by Paul Fussel, quot;Democracyquot; by Carl Becker, and quot;Chief Seattle: Letter to President Pierce, 1855quot; are three different rhetorical modes of writing that exposits theoretical, personal reasoning on the realities of certain controversial historical topics. The main focus of the essays are in proving a steadfast view of an ambiguous subject through sarcastic criticism of opposing ideas and by applying clever use of irony; the authors’ sentiments vary from imperialistic to anti-imperialistic, and from attesting to detesting a past event.quot;Thank God For The Atom Bombquot; is a straightforward imperialistic literature which analyzes cause and effect to justify the†¦show more content†¦The cause and effect of the A-bomb is therefore justified; the cause was to cease further bloodshed and the effect was the carnage ended. The positive effects does not only pertain to the Americans, but for the Japanese a lso, for the postwar Japan, an economic powerhouse quot;hustlingquot;(p460) successfully in today’s markets is the pay-off for it being quot;destroyed and then being humiliated, tamed, and constitutionalized by the West.quot;(p460) – obviously an imperialistic point of view.quot;Thank God For The Atom Bombquot; ironically can be viewed by some as anti-imperialistic as some view it imperialistic for it attacks Japanese imperialism and the Japanese psychology of the pre-war era which believed themselves to possess quot;invincible superiorityquot;(p459) thus having jurisdiction to treat another people they see fit, and that includes quot;gleeful use of bayonets on civilians, on nurses and the wounded, in Hong Kong and Singapore.quot;(p460). And it was Japan who decided to conquer the world and to deploy their diabolic armies of destruction across the globe. It must not be forgotten that the episode started by the incident at Pearl Harbor and ended by the incident at Nagas aki.The author’s voice throughout the whole essay is filled with sarcastic contempt for the people who question the moral of the bomb’s usage. He repeatedly attacks those criticsShow MoreRelatedEssay Compare Contrast 3 Psychological Approaches To The Study Of Criminal Behaviour1190 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and contrast 3 psychological approaches to the study of criminal behaviour Tim Booth Crime has been defined as acts attracting legal punishment (Blackburn, 1993; p.5) and it can fall within numerous legal categories, ranging from crimes against persons, against property, white collar crimes and so on. However, offences such as moral crime, where no law has been broken, also need to be considered, especially when studying the cause and prevention through psychology. 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The study of international relations has been a co Essay Example For Students

The study of international relations has been a co Essay ntested ground for many decades. A specific indication of this would be explaining or understanding the nature or knowledge of the world. Many theorists from different schools of thought since the 1930s have debated the contributions made among themselves. The main terminology here initially is the epistemology or ontology of the research among international relations theorists, much confined within the boundaries of social research either scientific or non-scientific, objective or subjective. Fundamentally, theories in international relations are either foundational or anti foundational, explanatory or constitutive. Therefore, as a researcher you either fall under the positivist framework of research or the post positivist framework in research. Both of the aforementioned frameworks have been at odds with each other since the birth of research in international relations. In relation to the validity and warrantable acceptability of knowledge that constitutes to the focus. The focus is obviously explaining or understanding international relations. The scale has two ends just as there is a scale among states, democratic on one end and on the other anarchy. The placement of a state on such a scale is dependent upon the domestic and foreign policy, most presently speaking. There has been much debate between positivist theorists among themselves as Rationalists and Post Positivist theorists as Reflectivist also among themselves, both still existent today. But in the present day there seems to be a new theory that intends to bridge the gap. Known as Social Constructivism. Using theoretical frameworks and methodology from both sides. Very rationalist in its ways and not very cosy with Reflectivist, though it has been said that this theory has become prevalent. On the grounds that European integration seems to be the best place to test it. Bearing in mind it is a very new theory and it requires some refining and much more contributions in respect of knowledge. Thus far, IR terminology has occurred very often and I intend to clarify this in detail. But more importantly tackle the focus on what contributions, social constructivism has made to the study international relations? IR scholars wish to be exempt from the extreme methodological debate and have introduced middle ground. This is found in the attempt to introduce Social constructivism as it has already been contained in a definition of sociology by Max Weber (1964:88) A science which attempts the interpretive understanding of social action in order to arrive at a casual explanation of its course and effects. However, Social constructivism, it has been said needs to show more to be accepted as the middle ground in researching social phenomena. I intend to define the difference in position between two methodological positions Positivism and Post Positivism with the relevance of epistemology and ontology and other related terminology in the research of social phenomena. This will then illustrate the introduction of social constructivism and its relevance and the contribution it has made to the study of social phenomena in international relations. Positivism is the most influential school of thought; scientific methods are used to conduct investigations and research in international relations. Using empirical data for introducing theories, the epistemology and ontology is explaining objectively. Dominant theories such as Realism and Pluralism have come from the work of scholars under the positivists school of thought. Both, of which are rational theories and very constitutive to international relations. There are many sub theories under the category of Realism and Pluralism; this has given rise to much debate among rationalists recently. Most recognised as the inter paradigm debate of Neo- Realists and Neo-Liberalists. The neo-neo debate is very modern as these are the refined theories of the traditional Realist and Liberalist theories. The rationalists have explicitly rejected the work of post positivistic research for epistemological and ontological reasons. .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .postImageUrl , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:hover , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:visited , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:active { border:0!important; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:active , .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42 .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u04fd557ab8ac31382547ca774fa94c42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bin Laden and Hitler: Compare and Contrast EssayThere has been much development in liberalism, one such type of liberalism is that of utopian. Widely known as Wilsonian idealism founder of the league of nation along with the French and British. Subsequently after the First World War, this is reminiscent of the work from Immanuel Kant in perpetual peace. The idea is to bring Democracy and self-determination to the world and an international organization to resolve disputes. This effectively brings interdependence on a global stage such as previous forms of diplomacy had been unsuccessful at dissolving the problems that brought about WWI. Gilbert (1995:257) was quoted to have said the Millions are being killed. Europe is mad, the world is mad. This has become the most historical depiction upon the subject of WWI. The Kellogg-briand pact of 1928 has become the highest point in this international effort to bring peace at that time. This .

ROLE PLAYING GAMES Essays (687 words) - Video Game Genres

ROLE PLAYING GAMES This is the new and modern concept in game world. Role-playing games refers to all those games in which participant assume the role of a character and act like him. In other world we can also say that a player plays a game by assuming him as a particular fiction base character and continues the story of the character till the game ends. These games are flexible in nature and player can make changes in the game as per his convenience. As these games are fiction based and hence no relation with any kind of reality, these are played just for fun and entertainment or for recreation purpose in your free time. This is not just a single game, actually they are basically a storytelling kind of game, and where after completion of a round a player has to move to another round. You can also say that this is a game having many rounds, its on you how much level you cross. If you are a perfect player, you can end the game. These role-playing games are known as the best friends of children's. In their free they always play these games for fun and enjoyment. Even these games teach a lot about the society. So you can say that it's a good source of social issue too. History of role-playing game is not so old, as it is a new concept. It starts in 1960's with the concept of theater games and then it modified in 1970's as fantasy war games. The first official game was developed in the year 1974, and named Dungeons and Dragons, and it becomes very popular though it was a subject of controversy in 1980. After seeing the success and popularity of these role-playing games, they develop more and more games, and earn lots of profits, by this new invention in the field of games. Nowadays these games are the best source of recreation and fun for kids and being played in almost every country. If we are discussing about role-playing games, then it is must to discuss about its benefits and what are its positive points than other games. First and main benefits is that it is completely flexible in nature and players can play these games as per the comfort, they can create their own players, own teams, etc. By making score a child can easily understand the concept of math study, statistics and even accounting. It is a part of social activity too as it is played between two players or a two teams, makes the relation between each other. As these are completely fiction-based games, there is no danger of physical injuries to the players. This is also a cheap source of game and entertainment and you don't have to spend large amount of money to play these games. In India, these are the most popular games among kids, as nowadays kids are very smart, hence they always like to play the different and newest games. And these role-playing games suited them a lot. They mostly play these games in their Computer, whenever they are free from their studies. They can play this game single or with any of their friend. These games are also one of the reasons that improve the knowledge capability of the kids. But still there are lots of advanced games that had not been discovered yet in India, due to lack of modern technology. In few modern Play schools, teachers study kids with the help of these role-playing games, it improves the learning skills among them. So these are my views what we think about role-playing games and how it is beneficial to us, and I also thinks that you all are satisfied with my above views, and there are great demand of these games all over the world. Though mostly people thinks that these games are bad for the kids, but after going through the positive points as per the above they also know its benefits in students life, as it is a best stress remove source too.

A Cure for Cancer essays

A Cure for Cancer essays Over twenty different types of cancer have been found to exist in the world today. Cancer kills over thousands of people in the United States alone every year. The news constantly contains reports of the many different types of ways a human can get cancer. The main reasons one can get cancer are smoking, dietary factors, exercise, occupation, genetics, pollution, radiation, and even prescription drugs. Out of all the main causes of cancer obesity and smoking are the leading causes. Cancer affects a person when abnormal cells within a tissue of a certain part of the human body continue to divide out of control. Normal cells stop reproducing after about fifty cycles. Since many types of cancer exist, anyone at any age has a risk of being diagnosed. In an effort for people to speed up the process of finding a cure for cancer, people came up with urban legends and myths to preventing or getting rid of cancer. In the spring of 1999 many people began to believe that antiperspirants could cause cancer. The Canola oil, which is said to by scientists to be one of the healthier food oils, was also once rumored to be toxic and cancer causing. Many more rumors came about, but have all contributed in finding cures for cancer now. Whenever, a rumor about certain types of foods or activities circulates about causing cancer, a team of scientists, and doctors research the rumor in full extent. These scientists and doctors usually find that these rumors are false, but in some case add to the list of ways to prevent cancer. Numerous cancer experts now believe that the only real cure for cancer is taking as many steps possible to prevent it. One may wonder if cancer is a disease that travels through a family because of genes. The answer is that cancer will be more likely to occur in those who have close family members who have also had cancer. Breast and Ovarian cancer are the cancers that are most likely to be hereditary. A person...

How To Choose Building Plans - 10 Steps to Your Dream Home

How To Choose Building Plans - 10 Steps to Your Dream Home Whether you are building a new house or remodeling an older home, youll need plans to guide you through the project. Here are some tips to help you choose the best building plans for your needs. How to Choose the Right Building Plan Create a Spreadsheet of Needs. Talk with your family. Discuss what each of you wants. What are your needs now and what will your familys needs be in the future? Should you plan for future aging in place? Write it down.Observe. Look at how you live and where you spend most of your time in your house or apartment. Why spend the time and money to build or remodel? If its just because you like change, maybe no building plan will satisfy.Reflect on homes you have visited. What features did you especially enjoy? Look at the way other people live. Is that lifestyle really what you want?Consider the features of your land. Where is the sunlight best? Which direction offers the greatest views and the cooling breezes? Could remodeling capture a piece of nature overlooked by builders of another time?Select exterior finishing details with care. Know if youll be building in an historic district, which may restrict exterior modifications.Browse through building plan catalogs for ideas. You dont hav e to buy stock plans, but these books can help you visualize possibilities. Public libraries may have these popular books on their shelves. Use the webs search function offered by online directories of building plans. Houses from sites like Houseplans.com have often been designed as custom homes before being offered as stock plans. Some plans are specs (speculative) and many are often more interesting than plain vanilla catalog plans.Select a floor plan that most closely matches your ideal. Do you need adaptability? Perhaps you should consider a house without walls. Pritzker Prize-winning architect Shigeru Ban designed Naked House (2000) with movable interior modules - a unique solution that you wont find in a house plan catalog.Estimate your building costs. Your budget will determine many choices you make in the design of your home.Consider hiring an architect to personalize your building plan, or to create a custom design. What Comes First, the House or the Site? Architect William J. Hirsch, Jr. writes, Its a good idea to have a basic concept of what kind of house you want before selecting a site because the type of house will dictate to some extent the nature of the site that makes the most sense for you. Likewise, if you have your heart set on the land first, the house design should fit the site. It might take four months to build a house, but the planning could take years. Additional Tips Choose your floor plan first and your exterior faà §ade second. Most plans can be finished in nearly any architectural style.Its usually best to purchase your land before you select your building plan. The land establishes the amount of area and the type of terrain you have to build on. To build an energy-efficient structure, try to follow the sun as it crosses your lot. Pre-purchasing the land also helps you budget the rest of your project.Be sure to budget for landscaping and finishing touches.Listen actively. Reflect back what you hear when you talk with family members. You might be surprised to find out that your children or in-laws plan to live with you. Do You Have the Confidence? Jack Nicklaus (b. 1940) has been called the greatest professional golfer of all time. So, what does he know about design? Plenty. Nicklaus is said to have had an interesting strategy when he played profession sports - he competed against the golf course instead of other players. Nicklaus knew the ins and outs of all the courses he played - he figured out what he liked and what he didnt like about golf course design. And then, he formed a company. Nicklaus Design promotes itself as the worlds leading design firm. You have lived in the spaces chosen by your parents. Now its your turn to decide. Source Hirsch, William J. Designing Your Perfect House: Lessons from an Architect. Dalsimer Press, 2008, p. 121

MICROBIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MICROBIOLOGY - Essay Example IgD: - IgD has a serum concentration of 30Â µg/ml and constitutes about 0.2% of total serum immunoglobulin. It is the major membrane bound immunoglobulin expressed by mature B – cells and is involved in the activation of B – cells by antigen. c. In immediate hypersensitivity antigen binds to IgE on mast cells and basophils. This cross linking leads to degranulation with the release of biologically active substances contained in the granules. 5. a. In the ouchterlony method both antigen and antibody diffuse radially from wells toward each other, thereby establishing a concentration gradient. As equivalence is reached, a visible line of precipitation forms. This simple technique is an effective qualitative tool for determining the relationship between antigens and the number of different Ag-Ab systems present. ELISA Test: - An enzyme conjugated to an antibody reacts with a colorless substrate to generate colored reaction product. Enzymes used include alkaline phosphates, horseradish peroxides. ELISA test is used to detect the presence of antibodies and antigen. RIA: - RIA is a competitive binding assay in which fixed amounts of antibody and radio labeled antigen react in presence of unlabelled antigen. The labeled and unlabelled antigens compete for limited binding sites on the antibody. After reaction, the antigen is separated into free and bound fractions and their radioactive counts measured. The concentration of the unlabelled (test) antigen can be calculated from the ratio of the bound and total antigen labels, using standard dose response curve. 6. It is difficult to develop a natural system of Bacterial Taxonomy using the traditional technique of Taxonomy because bacteria are generally very small and have simple shapes, and hence their classification by shape is not an easy task. The revolution in Genomics will affect Taxonomy because with the coming of

Catholic School 2000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Catholic School 2000 - Essay Example he Catholic school to develop in the school community an atmosphere animated by a spirit of liberty and charity based on the Gospel.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 21) This formally states that Catholic schools must enrich the student lives in a religious as well as academic capacity. The authors go on to quote from several other documents, most of which have the same intention regarding the leadership role that Catholic schools must take in their educational focus of religious faith. They also cite a passage from the a statement from the Australian Bishops’ Conference published in 1975: The present document is offered as a contribution to the process by which the people of God in the Australian Church will search for the most authentic way to live the faith and the most effective means of passing it on to future generations. (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 22) The second part of their article focuses on more recent documents further defining and delineating the role of the Catholic School, this is titled, â€Å"The Catholic School on the Threshold of the Third Millennium.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 23) In general these more recent documents slightly softened the role of religion and represent the schools as part of the cultural inheritance of society as well. For instance in the Church document, ‘Lay Catholics in Schools: Witnesses to Faith’ (1982), the mission of Catholic schools is clear that they are to add to the culture around them and not dictate religious fervour. While still focusing on the gospels, â€Å"It strives to relate all human culture to the good news of salvation.† (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 23) Mission is an apt conceptualisation of the Catholic schools leadership roles, they are most akin to missionaries with an evangelical purpose to help and to serve the community as well as to open them to their faith. As stated it is an integration or synthesis of culture and faith. (Flynn & Mok, 2000, p. 26) The third part of their article, ‘Australian Catholic

Ecological survey of the Lime Cay Essay Example for Free

Ecological survey of the Lime Cay Essay Lime Cay, the man islet of the Port Royal Cays, located 17 degrees north and 76 degrees west, is one of the many cays in Jamaica. By definition, a cay is a small low elevated sandy island formed on the surface of a coral reef. These types of islands are usually found in the Caribbean Sea, Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Ocean. Also they are circular in shape. A cay is home to many different species due to the formation of habitats such as the rocky shore habitat. A cay is formed when the current of the ocean transport lose sediments across the surface of a reef to a depositional node, which is where two currents converge and the sediment load is released. Layers of deposited sediment gradually build up on the reef surface resulting in a low island forming on this reef. Cays provide a variety of habitats ranging from marine to terrestrial. Hence, Cays are important protectors of the biodiversity of our planet. Cays provide several habitats for its organisms such as rocky shores, sea grass beds, sand bed, coral beds and inner terrestrial land. Prominent organisms that occupy the marine and the coastal habitats include echinoderms, crabs, fishes etc. The terrestrial portion of Cay is usually dominated by various Mangrove species. Method: A trip was made to Lime Cay to carry out a comprehensive ecological study of Lime Cay. It was done in 4 parts: Project 1: The Impact of Man on the Environment Persons walked along the cay and waded in the water to find evidence of the presence of man to determine the ways in which he affects the habitat. Evidence of the presence of animals was also investigated and a possible food web was made based on the animals (or evidence of animals) that were observed. Project 2: Echinoderm Distribution A group of 8 swimmers went into the surrounding sea of the cay with snorkelling gear in order to observe the abundance and distribution of echinoderms in habitats where they were likely to be found. A quadrant was randomly thrown 5 times in each of the different sea habitats. These included the sea grass, sea sand and the rocky habitats. The number of echinoderms in the quadrant for each throw in each habitat was recorded in a table. Project 3: Mangrove Distribution Persons walked around the cay and into the mangrove, and identified the different mangrove types, making note of the characteristics of each plant, as well as the ambient conditions and how they could affect the distribution of the mangroves. Project 4: Rocky Shore Study A suitable area of the rocky shore was investigated and notes were made on how conditions in this area varied (in terms of temperature and salinity) and how organisms were adapted to live in this environment.

School Breakfast Programs Essay -- Essays Papers

School Breakfast Programs For most kids waking up in the morning, getting dressed and sitting down to a bowl of cereal and some toast is a normal occurrence for them. However for some students that luxury may not be possible. Over the past couple of years several states across the US have spent millions of dollars and served over 360 million breakfasts and lunches for children who cannot afford to have a regular priced meal or who don’t have money for food at all. With these programs producing such great results for the children in the classroom and out of school more and more states have begun to implement similar programs for underprivileged children. One of the major reasons for the popularity of the breakfast programs is that it enables the children to start there day off with a healthy, nutritional meal. And for kids that are in elementary and middle school having a well balanced meal to start their day off is important because at that age children tend to hit growth spurts sporadically and having the right nutrition in there bodies will enable them to grow with out any complications. Another key reason as to why the Breakfast programs have become such a major success is the in class room behavior of the students. In different polls taken across America schools that were using the breakfast programs had shown that students who took part in the programs overall grades improved, along with attendance and classroom behavior. In an article written by the Advantage Press it was stated that â€Å"A surprising benefit has been observed: there has been a sharp decrease in the number of children going to school nurses. Thus, less class time missed by students. Even teachers who had worried about the added work of overseeing br... ...Programs January 2004 http://www.mtcef.org/activities_3a.htm 5. Provision 2 Guidance National School and Lunch Programs 3 March 2004 http://www.sde.state.id.us/child/docs/CNPResources/Publications/P2Guidance- July242002.pdf 6. Chicago Public School Meal Programs September 2004 http://www.cps.k12.il.us/Parent/Enrollment/School_Lunch/school_lunch.html 7. ThedailyJounranl.com Monday, May 14, 2001 http://www.thedailyjournal.com/news/stories/20010514/opinion/568745.html 8. Policies and Procedure Manual Mississippi Nutrition Program September 2004 http://www.cn.mde.k12.ms.us/resources/forms/ta/mscnp15.pdf 9. Federal Food Programs http://www.frac.org/html/federal_food_programs/programs/sbp.html 10. School Breakfast Programs August 2003 http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Breakfast/AboutBFast/bfastfacts.htm

Analyzing Serve or Fail Essay

In Serve or Fail, by Dave Eggers, Eggers implies that college students have too much time on their hands that could instead be used for helping the community. He argues that college itself is time consuming and even with classes, studying, a job, and social activities there are still plenty of hours in the day that need killing. He also states that giving students the opportunity to serve the community in exchange for course credits hours will give students the motive to do so. Not only would the community be benefited tremendously but the students as well. Lastly, Eggers confirms his argument by providing facts and statistics from previous cases that were very successful. Eggers proves his argument by providing these three things in his article. He states â€Å"About now, most recent college graduates, a mere week or two beyond their last final, are giving themselves a nice respite.† Eggers believes that the students do deserve â€Å"free time† but to a certain extent. They shouldn’t just go to class and study 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, but they also shouldn’t play games and skip class either. Eggers begins his argument with personal experiences. Personal experiences is a great way to prove a thesis to an audience. He shares â€Å"during my time there, I became one of the best two or three foosball players in the Land of Lincoln.† Soon, he realized that even after all the fun and games there was still extra time. Therefore, Eggers decided to volunteer. He thought it would be exciting and maybe the start of a new hobby. He realized soon after that volunteering was not for him. It wasn’t that he didn’t enjoy it, he explains that he found a place he enjoyed volunteering at, but he didn’t have to volunteer, no one was forcing him to do this act of kindness; so, he quit. Because of Eggers providing us with personal experiences we can His second approach for his argument is offering the students credit hours in exchange for volunteer work. Doing so would give the students the motive to get up and make something of themselves by helping out in the community. He proposes the idea of trading twenty-five volunteer hours in exchange for one course credit hour, with a maximum of three credits per year. Also, to  account for the college curriculum, experience and requirements, Eggers believes that the mandatory volunteer work shouldn’t come until the student’s junior and senior year. Of course, first and second year students could still do the â€Å"exchange program† but it wouldn’t be mandatory the first two years. Eggers said, â€Å"A college history major might learn something by tutoring a local middle school class that’s studying the Underground Railroad†. Learning outside of a classroom is just as important and learning inside the classroom. Another approach from Eggers is provided by facts and statistics. Providing facts and statistics is a great way to prove a thesis to an audience. He provides us with evidence of successful cases from colleges, and some high schools, regarding his ideas. According to Eggers, â€Å"Some colleges, and many high schools, have such a thing in place, and last year Michael R. Veon, a Democratic member of Pennsylvania’s House of Representatives, introduced a bill that would require the more than 90,000 students at 14 state-run universities to perform 25 hours of community service annually.† Eggers points out that this plan sometimes won’t work for certain colleges and students, but even factoring those rare cases out, the sta tistics are still phenomenal; approximately 60 million hours overall! Eggers’ argument in his essay Serve or Fail provides us with personal experiences, motive for students, and facts and statistics that give us enough proof and evidence that we should test his theory throughout more colleges worldwide. Eggers also provides an underlying benefit of time management incorporated in his work, â€Å"What if graduating seniors already knew full well how to balance jobs, studies, family and volunteer work in the surrounding community?† Students learning how to balance class, a job, homework, and volunteering will greatly appreciate this action in their futures. Eggers giving us his personal experiences let us know that he has hard evidence against his claim. Students having the option of the â€Å"exchange program† gives them motive to work which will help the community. The facts and statistics say it all, if the community could gain 2 million or more service hours a year all because of a student participating in volunteer work once a month, could this be such a bad idea after all? Think about your college years; was there a lot of empty time? Did you goof off a little too much instead of doing something useful to pass time? Could you have volunteered to better yourself and your community in your spare time?

Created for Perfection but Destined to Fail

Having a dying child changes a family’s life. A mother will do anything she possibly can to aid this child. Likewise, the rest of the family will have to commit in order for their sibling’s well being. During and after a situation like this, life for the family will not be the same. In the movie, My Sister’s Keeper, directed by Nick Cassavetes, a happily married couple with two children live their life normally and joyfully until the day they learn that their two year old daughter, Kate, had leukemia and would not live past the age of five.In the movie Sofia Vassilieva plays the role of Kate, the dying girl, whose illness would not let her live past the five. Neither Kate’s parents or brother were a match with her and thus could not donate anything to aid her with her terminating disease. The parents decided to produce a one hundred percent in vitro child so he/she could give Kate what she needed: bone marrow, blood donations, and stem cells. Cameron Diaz, Sara Fitzgerald, the mother, together with Jason Patric, Brian Fitzgerald, the husband, agreed to have a baby â€Å"made in a dish to be spare parts for Kate.†(Breslin)And as soon as their baby was born, they would summit her into numerous surgeries so she could donate what ever Kate needed to live. To me this was a great attention grabber for the movie because it gave the plot originality. The in vitro child, Abigail Breslin, Anna Fitzgerald, was twelve and she introduced the movie speaking of how she was only made to aid her dying sister. She was the â€Å"perfect in vitro child who would be Kate’s genetic savior. †(Breslin) Ever since she was a newborn she was summited to numerous operations because of the different needs Kate had.Now that she is twelve, Anna files a lawsuit against her parents wanting to be medically emancipated, to have the rights to her own body. She claims she wants to live her life as a regular twelve year old girl without having restri ctions in her daily activities. Later in the movie however, the audience comes to find that Kate had actually pleaded Anna into filing the lawsuit. Kate does this because she had no desire of living anymore, she wants the suffering to end, and the fighting in her family to end.Kate wanted Anna to be free from the surgeries, she wanted to be at peace and she wanted to free her family from further suffering. Cassavetes directed and created an excellent â€Å"tear breaking† movie yet he failed to properly construct and revise Sara Fitzgerald’s role. Sara was portrayed as a loving mother, but to a point, her character was a selfish. Her main concern since the movie began was her daughter Kate’s well being and was â€Å"not going to let her die. † (Diaz) Sara became a mother primarily interested in making Kate live and thereby forgot her role as a mother not only to Kate but to Anna and her oldest son Jesse.Sara had the entire family dedicated to watching over Kate and her needs. This made Jesse feel ignored and would constantly flee home and Anna grew feeling unloved. When Sara received the papers of the lawsuit, she became infuriated and slapped Anna across the face. This action of hitting her child demonstrated how Sara simply disregards Anna’s opinion because listening to Anna’s desires meant letting Kate die and she was not going to allow that. Sara would rather have Anna feeling miserable with her life than to watch Kate die.She  gave up her entire life to watch over Kate’s health and she was not going to let anyone or anything ruin her twelve year battle. On the other hand, Brian’s role in the movie served mainly to defend his children. Although he struggled the same battle of keeping Kate alive with Sara, his character understood and stood beside what his children needed. He let Sara take over for twelve years but when the lawsuit came he understood Anna’s point and stood beside her. Personall y I loved when he took Kate to the beach because she wanted to see it before dying.He took her even if it meant having an argument with his wife which could lead to getting a divorce. Brian wanted to make sure that his daughter had what she wanted in her last few moments of life. Looking at Roger Ebert’s professional movie criticism and review of the movie My Sister’s Keeper, he stated that the movie is â€Å"an immediate audience-grabber. † He says that the movie is good because of the plot itself. A girl who is twelve was made so she could be spare parts for her dying sister.However, he does mention that the movie is subject to different interpretations to the viewers because some may agree on the lawsuit Anna placed on her parents and others may disagree. The audience’s opinion is controversial depending on their standing point. If a person favors life then he or she would disagree with Anna’s point because if she medically emancipates and decid es not to continue to donate to her sister, Kate would die. Others who favor choice, agree with the lawsuit because Anna has a life of her own and she must pursue and live it.Ebert feels Anna is right to have gone to the lawyer, Alec Baldwin, who proves 90% accuracy on his trials because she is being independent and an achiever of what she believes is correct. He also feels that Anna has been through enough ever since she was born. She has donated her sister blood, bone marrow, and stem cells and has had to undergo several surgeries and stays at the hospital because of these operations. Ebert discusses the issue that Anna should not give away her kidney to her sister because this would limit her physical activities.She will not be able to enjoy her childhood, her teenage years and many other activities she should be experiencing as a teen and even as she grows older. Ebert also discusses how Taylor, Kate’s dying boyfriend, gives My Sister’s Keeper its best element beca use he makes the movie â€Å"tender, tactful and very touching. †(Ebert) His opinion about the appearance of this boy in the movie was to distract the audience from the entire discussion and constant fighting of the Fitzgerald family over the lawsuit. Taylor allows the audience to see that Kate in spite of her terminating disease was able to live a life like any other teenager.With this romance, Cassavetes diverted the movie aside from the tragic family disputes and turned it into a romantic love story between Kate and Taylor, and what they got to live for a while. This romance gave the movie more realism, Ebert stated. Regarding Diaz’s role as the mother, Ebert believed that her character demonstrated her fierceness in wanting to solve and win a case in her private life. Since she was a successful lawyer and won most of her cases while in practice, she now sees Kate’s disease as a case she must win as well.Since Sara won cases most of the time, she now feels sh e must fight to keep Kate alive. This is her most intense case and she has won it for twelve years by having kept Kate alive past her expected death at five. Ebert agrees with the role of Sara Fitzgerald. Both my opinion and Ebert’s agree on many factors of the movie My Sister’s Keeper yet we disagree on one point. We both think that it was a great movie with an excellent plot and attention hook. The idea of having parents â€Å"make and create† a perfect match for their dying daughter was definitely a grabber.We believe that Anna has suffered her entire life and she now has the right to live her own life and enjoy being a kid. We feel she should not be worried of limiting her activities for the sake of helping her dying sister. For these reasons Ebert and I agree on the fact that Anna has the right to her â€Å"medical emancipation†, so she could have the right to her own body. Ebert and I also concord when we say that Anna’s family is near perfec t and that the only disfunction in it is Kate’s disease. The disease was not only killing her, but it was killing her family as well.â€Å"Beneath the exterior there were cracks and resentments† (Patric) that threatened the well being of the Fitzgerald family. The constant fighting between Brian and Sara, Jesse feeling ignored, and most importantly Anna having gone to a lawyer and having sued her parents portrays the family disfunction. The fact the Sara disregarded everyone’s opinion and did what she thought was correct without anyone else’s opinion, led the family to slowly break. We think that Brian’s role as the father, served mainly as a mediator.He was in the middle of every battle at home and he was constantly overruled by his wife. He had no voice in the movie until the end when he confronted Sara and took Kate to the beach with or without Sara’s approval. All through the movie Brian was more of a secondary character yet he proved hi mself after the scene of the beach. Brian defended what he thought was correct and stood by Anna’s side when she filed the lawsuit, he understood her point and could not believe he had let his daughter suffer so much for the past twelve years.Overall Ebert and I believe he had a fairly good role but his character stood out towards the end of the movie. In the role of Sara, Ebert and I disagree as to what we think Cassavetes wanted her to represent. To me Sara’s role and character in the movie, made her be disliked by the audience. She was set as a person who did not care about her husband, as a person who did not notice her son, and in a way she despised Anna for wanting to have the right to her body and stop being Kate’s savior. I felt she was a selfish mother who only cared about Kate’s life and no one else’s.Ebert believed that Diaz’s role was her merely wanting to save her daughter Kate at all possible cost. He felt Sara viewed this batt le as another win in her life, but this win was not in her professional life but in her private one. He thinks that this was a good touch in the movie to have portrayed the mother so involved and dedicated into saving her daughter’s life because it gave the movie a sense of reality and portraying how women would actually act in this situation. The movie My Sister’s Keeper, reflects the life of a model family and how a death sentence slowly split the family members apart.Roger Ebert in his critique for this movie highlighted major aspects which I myself thought of when watching the movie. The idea of having an in vitro child be subject to various operations to aid her dying sister, made the movie so intriguing and different from many others. The plot of this movie was unexpected and completely unpredictable. Overall the movie was great because it excelled in every aspect and most certainly because it was emotionally appealing to its viewers. I give the movie My Sisterâ €™s Keeper directed by Nick Cassavetes, thumbs up.

Logic Gates Essays (789 words) - Logic Gates, Digital Electronics

Logic Gates Essays (789 words) - Logic Gates, Digital Electronics Logic Gates Experiment #1 Title:Logic Gates Objective:To analyze and become familiar with the operation of TTL Logic Gates. Equipment:Digital Trainer AND Gate (7408) NAND Gate (7400) OR Gate (7432) NOR Gate (7402) Procedure: 1) For each gate predict the output for all combinations of inputs. Write the truth table and describe the operation for the circuit. 2) Build each of the logic circuits to determine if it does operate as expected. Record the results. 3) Have it checked by the Instructor of Lab Tech. Diagrams AND Gate (7402) NAND Gate (7400) OR Gate (7432) NOR Gate (7402) Truth Tables AND Gate (7408) ABOUTPUT 00 0 01 0 10 0 10 1 NAND Gate (7400) ABOUTPUT 00 1 01 1 10 1 11 0 OR Gate (7432) ABOUTPUT 00 0 01 1 10 1 11 1 NOR Gate (7402) ABOUTPUT 00 1 01 0 10 0 11 0 Discussion In the experiment for the AND Gate, the red lead from the power pack in connected to pin #14 (Vcc). The black lead from the power pack in connected to pin #7, which is the ground. Both HIGH inputs from the Vcc are connected to pin #1 and pin #2. Output pin #3 is connected to the positive side of the LED, while the other side of the LED is connected to the ground. The LED lights up, because HIGH is present at pin #3 of the AND Gate. The power connections are the same while one of the inputs was connected to LOW. The LED did not light up, signifying a LOW at pin #3, which is the output. In the experiment for the NAND Gate, the red wire from the power pack is connected to pin #14, which is the Vcc. The black wire from the power pack is connected to pin #7, which is the ground. Two HIGH inputs from the Vcc are connected to pin #1 and pin #2. Output pin #3 is connected to the positive side of the LED, while the other pin from the LED is connected to ground. The LED did not light up, because a LOW is present at pin #3 of the NAND Gate. The power wires remain unchanged while one of the inputs was connected to LOW from the ground. The LED did not light up, signifying a HIGH at pin #3. In the experiment for the OR Gate, the red lead from the power pack is connected to pin #14, which is the Vcc. The black lead from the power pack is connected to pin #7, which is the ground. Two LOW inputs are connected to pin #1 and pin #2. Output pin #3 is connected to the positive side of the LED, while the other side of the LED is connected to the ground. The LED did not light up, because a LOW is present at pin #3 of the OR Gate. The power connections have been the same while one of the inputs was connected to HIGH from the Vcc. The LED lights up, because a HIGH is present at pin #3. In the experiment for the NOR Gate, the red lead from the power pack is connected to pin #14, which is the Vcc. The black lead from the power pack is connected to pin #7, which is the ground. Both LOW inputs from the ground are connected to pin #1 and pin #2. Output pin #3 is connected to the positive side of the LED, while the other side of the LED is connected to ground. The LED lights up, because a HIGH is present at pin #3 of the NOR Gate. The power connections are kept unchanged while one of the inputs was connected to HIGH from the ground. The LED did not light up, signifying a LOW at pin #3. Summary In the experiment for the OR Gate, if both inputs are LOW, the output is LOW. Otherwise the output is always HIGH. In the experiment for the AND Gate, when both inputs are HIGH the output is HIGH. Otherwise the output is always LOW. In the experiment for the NOR Gate, when both inputs are LOW, the output is HIGH. Otherwise the output is always LOW. In the experiment for the NAND Gate, when both inputs are HIGH, the output is LOW. Otherwise the output is always HIGH. Conclusion By doing this experiment, I have realized that the outputs of the NOR and OR Gates are opposites of each other as far as output matters. The

Free Essays on Platos Ideal State

Plato’s Ideal State This paper will discuss the different parts of Plato’s ideal state, as well as link them to the normative concepts of Property, Common/Public Good, and Justice. The discussion of justice will be lengthier than the others, on the grounds that it is the basis for a great deal of the discussion contained in Plato’s Republic. Each concept will be specifically discussed in its relation to the ideal state, as well as its function within the society. Firstly, the state will consist of three parts. These parts will be kept separate so there will be no interference in their prescribed function. The three parts are as follows: rulers, who will attend to political affairs of the state, auxiliaries, who will protect the state, and craftsmen, who will provide their skills to the state. The citizens will be told a myth in order to control breeding outside of the class. A shortened version basically says that rulers have gold Giraudo 2 blood, auxiliaries have silver, and the craftsmen have bronze. When breeding takes place, it must be gold to gold, silver to silver, and bronze to bronze. However, Plato does allow the ideal that it is possible for gold blood to give birth to silver or bronze, and vice versa. The rulers and auxiliaries are actually divided from a previous class, in which they both belonged, called guardians. The guardians are the most intelligent and skilled. They will live together, and be educated together. When the education and training reaches a certain point, they will be divided into the two classes, rulers and auxiliaries. The rulers are selected by their superior skill and knowledge. They will move on to more academic education, while the auxiliaries will continue with more physical training. The rulers continued education would consist of mathematics as well as dialectic. After this period they will be returned to civilization in order to hold various positions in gov... Free Essays on Plato's Ideal State Free Essays on Plato's Ideal State Plato’s Ideal State This paper will discuss the different parts of Plato’s ideal state, as well as link them to the normative concepts of Property, Common/Public Good, and Justice. The discussion of justice will be lengthier than the others, on the grounds that it is the basis for a great deal of the discussion contained in Plato’s Republic. Each concept will be specifically discussed in its relation to the ideal state, as well as its function within the society. Firstly, the state will consist of three parts. These parts will be kept separate so there will be no interference in their prescribed function. The three parts are as follows: rulers, who will attend to political affairs of the state, auxiliaries, who will protect the state, and craftsmen, who will provide their skills to the state. The citizens will be told a myth in order to control breeding outside of the class. A shortened version basically says that rulers have gold Giraudo 2 blood, auxiliaries have silver, and the craftsmen have bronze. When breeding takes place, it must be gold to gold, silver to silver, and bronze to bronze. However, Plato does allow the ideal that it is possible for gold blood to give birth to silver or bronze, and vice versa. The rulers and auxiliaries are actually divided from a previous class, in which they both belonged, called guardians. The guardians are the most intelligent and skilled. They will live together, and be educated together. When the education and training reaches a certain point, they will be divided into the two classes, rulers and auxiliaries. The rulers are selected by their superior skill and knowledge. They will move on to more academic education, while the auxiliaries will continue with more physical training. The rulers continued education would consist of mathematics as well as dialectic. After this period they will be returned to civilization in order to hold various positions in gov...

Software Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Liability - Essay Example We need to know more about software liability and know who should be held liable. Issues It is therefore helpful to know what should be protected to be able to make sure that software users are sheltered unintended consequences for any malfunction. Every piece of software comes will a license agreement which strips off the creator for any liability that may result using their product (Tompkins, 2000). We cannot just let the companies sell their products and then by just a click of the license agreement, the programmers are not liable anymore. What if the software is used in medical fields where lives are at risk? What protection should be provided for the end users? Do we have existing protection for the software users? Are the creators, programmers, owners protected too? Discussion Software users should therefore be protected with the contract that they had agreed with the providers, developers or programmers. Each software user enters into a contract or license agreement with the p roviders believing that all the statements regarding the product they wanted to buy or use are true. Thus, any defects and malfunctions of each product or software should be given utmost attention and reparation. According to Kaner (1997), there are a lot of theories which a software consumer is protected and software developer can be sued. The software developer or programmer can be held liable for criminal act and intentional tort, which includes intentional tampering of the consumer’s computer or loading viruses (Kaner, 1997). A consumer can also sue for strict liability and negligence which a defective product caused injury and damage to the consumer since each company has duty to take reasonable measures to make the product safe (Kaner, 1997). Kaner (1997) also included fraud, negligent misrepresentation, unfair deceptive trade practice, unfair competition, and FTC enforcement to cover for misrepresentation of product and other fraudulent and deceptive acts of the progra mmers regarding the software. Lastly, a programmer or company can be sued for breach of contract when in each software transaction, a user and a provider engages in a contract which gives obligation to each other (Kaner, 1997). These protections should not be expanded anymore. Venters (2007) stated that we also need to consider the types of failures that happen. As he explained, there is a big difference between intentional failure and accidental failure (Venters, 2007). Even if we say that consumers can greatly be affected by the malfunctions or defects of the product, we must also consider that the providers such as programmers or developers also did their best to provide the best product with good intention. The software producers, programmers, developers and owners are also protected. The scope of protection and likelihood of enforcement of protection varies by country (International Legal Protection for Software, n.d.). They are protected by Trade Act and other intellectual pro perty and copyright laws in several countries. They are also protected by the license agreement that the consumers or users and providers agreed into. Every time the users agree into license agreement, they are agreeing to the contract and therefore waiving their rights to complain regarding the products they are using. The consumers agreed to purchase the product stating that providers are not liable for any problems that may arise after such transaction. This is their

Deaf History During Medieval Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Deaf History During Medieval Europe - Essay Example There were only few deaf people of that period, they were famous, successfully, well educated for those times, some of them inherited titles of their ancestors despite their "disease", and some of them had strong positions in society, they took part in political life of their countries. It was only the one side of this problem. The following problem of medieval deaf people were in association of them with evil, witchcraft, and even the Devil. Children born with deafdisabilities were often perceived as the consequence of their mothers' support for satanic beliefs, illustrating both the ableist and patriarchal values of the era. However, it is also the case that under feudalism, deafdisabled people were generally able to make a contribution, in varying degrees, to a largely rural production process. If disabled people were hospitalized, it was in relatively small medieval hospitals where the focus was on palliative care rather than a cure. Such attitudes to deafdisabled people can be explained by the role... The church and feudal orders were meant to reflect heaven on earth - obedience to God via one's superiors: children obeyed their parents, their parents were their lord's vassals and had to obey him, the lord was the king's vassal, laymen obeyed the clergy, monks obeyed their abbot, clergy and laymen obeyed bishops who themselves were feudal lords, bishops and kings obeyed the Pope-at least in theory. Originality and creativity had to await a commission from the church or a lord, otherwise it was anathema. The church had created itself as a reborn "Imperium Romanum" with the Pope as its emperor and Latin as its language. And Church concidered that disabled people, and deaf ones too, were marked by Evil, by Demon. So, that was the thinking that people had: if you were different you were somehow marked. It is also important to say about the extention of the idea that Christ healed the disabled, so if you were disabled Christ did not favor you.The church alsoused this fear of disabilitie s as a threat to join the church or sickness and disabilities would affect you. Thus they hadtoconvince the people thatthose who were disabled or diseased must not be good Christians. The Church had such influence because medicine and science were in their infancy. Since the Church forbid dissection on humans, scienceandmedicine never really grew. People followed mostly a cause and effect approach. But to the end of Medieval period the attitudes to such people became to change, because among them there were very intelligent and talented people. What was the Hearing peoples view of Deaf during this period The industrial system of those times included weaving and artusaning. This required workers to complete tasks in accordance with

The Mental Capcity Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Mental Capcity Act - Essay Example The law also applies to common decisions involving personal care, diet, movement and grooming. In practice, the MCA generally provides for making decisions based on the victim’s best interests. In working out what the best interests of a vulnerable party looks like, the proxy must not tamper their decision with other unrelated issues such as the principal’s age, looks, condition or behaviour. Secondly, they should consider postponing important decisions for persons who cannot make decisions due to temporary conditions. Thirdly, they should involve the individual who does not have mental capacity in decision-making processes (Murray, 2013). In contrast, the Act requires decision-making processes to be based on the vulnerable individual’s past principles. It is also important for proxy decision-makers to factor in the perceptions of others, especially care providers and other parties who are interested in the individual’s welfare (Symington, 2007). In addition, any such decisions should not be inclined towards taking the life of the vulnerable party if they still have a chance to recover. The MCA has since substituted an Enduring Power of Attorney (EPA) with a Lasting Power of Attorney (LPA). An LPA is a licit document allowing persons to select an individual who can decide about their health and assets in the event that they become incapable. In this case, the attorney is the party mandated to draw conclusions on their behalf. In addition, with the LPA’s property and affairs option and the personal welfare option, vulnerable individuals have, since the MCA was implemented in 2007, enjoyed all-encompassing protection when they become incapacitated. The property and affairs LPA provides the attorney(s) the authority to decide about the victim’s financial and other physical property issues, such as car or managing rental property. In contrast, the personal welfare LPA empowers the attorney(s) to decide on the victim’s health and individual welfare,

Treatment of Native Americans Essay Example for Free

Treatment of Native Americans Essay From the very beginning of American history, settlers have poorly treated the Native Americans. As some people know, â€Å"poorly† is an understatement. The treatment of the indigenous people was horrible during the 1800s from being forced to move west, having laws made against them by the government, and mass murder, even though that isn’t what our history books like to tell us today. In 1804, fur trading was established with the Oglala and became a big part of their life. Then, the Oglala and Lakota tribes decided to expand their control and influences west toward the Big Horn mountains. Then, on March 26, the United States government forced the Native Americans to move west past the Mississippi River. This meant that they would have to leave everything they had to move to a reservation where they would have to start all over again. They only had a certain amount of time to move cooperatively but when that time was up, they would be moved forcefully. If the Native Americans did not agree to move, then they were killed. Many laws and acts were passed against the native American people. In 1833, a law was made that no Native American to reside in the state of Florida, so, yet again, the indigenous people of our country were forced to drop everything thing they had to go live in a reservation in the west to start all over again. Also, in 1834, the Indian Intercourse Act was passed. The Indian Intercourse Act said that Congress created Indian Territory in the west that included the land area in all of present-day Kansas, most of Oklahoma, and parts of what later became Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming. The area was set aside for Indians who would be removed from their ancestral lands which, in turn, would be settled by non-Indians. The area steadily decreased in size until the 1870s when Indian Territory had been reduced to what is now Oklahoma, excluding the panhandle. Along with all of the laws and forced movement of Native Americans, there were also many battles that killed a lot of the indigenous people. In 1835 to 1842 was the Seminole War, the second and most terrible of three wars between the US government and the Seminole people was also one of the longest and most expensive wars in which the US army was ever engaged. Thousands of troops were sent, 1,500 men died, and between 40-60 million dollars were spent to force most of the Seminole to move to Indian Territory more than the entire US governments budget for Indian Removal. Another fight between settlers and Native Americans was in 1855. The Ash Hollow massacre was a pretty dumb battle when you think about it. Colonel William Harney uses 1,300 soldiers to massacre an entire Brulà © village in retribution for the killing of 30 soldiers, who were killed in retribution for the killing of the Brulà © chief, Conquering Bear, in a dispute over a cow. Settlers used any excuse they could think of to humiliate and kill as many Native Americans as they could. In conclusion, the treatment of Native Americans in our country was brutal. We are all told that a human is a human and everyone is equal. Well, clearly, people in the 1800s did not think so. They attacked anyone that was different in order to get ahead, including our indigenous people.

Censorship Should NOT be Placed on Books Essay -- Censorship Censors

Censorship Should NOT be Placed on Books   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  "Censorship... a system under which official censors must give permission before communications of a specified type can lawfully be made" (Wilgoren, 1). Recently censorship has become a major problem in our society. Censorship should not be banned on books. People should not be told they cannot read a book. Unfortunately history has shown that words can be used for ill as well as for good, to destroy lives as well as to enhance them? (Steffens, 9) Words and reading them gives us a better understanding of other peoples views. Censorship should not be placed on books.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every person can find a particular section in a book that they do not agree is appropriate. ?Many local censorship incidents still consist of one parent complaining about one book? (Fege, 10). ?In Colorado kids were eager to hear the fascinating tales of Harry Potter. That all stopped when people thought the book was evil and thought that it did not belong in the schools.? (1) How can people take a book that a child enjoys based on their views? In schools some kids may or may not have read the book Huckleberry Finn. ?Huckleberry Finn is not only one of the best books ever written in this country but it?s also the most influential? (West, 43). Reading books gives people a sense of what history is all about. ?If black kids are never taught Huckleberry Finn they are put at a real disadvantage if they ever go on to study literature at the college level? (43). ?You can get all hyped up about the fact that the word ?nigger? appears in the book over two hundred times, but that was what black Americans were called in the 1840?s, which when the book takes place? (43). Some people might take the word nigger in an unfashionable way. It was never meant to do any harm. ?Even though Huck calls Jim ?nigger,? he treats him like a friend? (43). Slaves were known as niggers at that point of history. ?Black kids need to know the history behind the word so that when they hear it on the playground they know where it comes from? (43). ?They (parents) might not want their own children to declare their own independence in the way that Huck does at the end of the book, and perhaps this is one of the reasons why they don?t want the book taught in the schools? (44). One alternative from the banning of any book is to provide a different bo... ...1991:10-12. Lueker, Donna Harrington. ?Book Battles.? American School   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Board Journal Feb. 1991: 18+ Ockerbloom, John Mark. The on-line Books Page Presents   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Banned Books On-Line. 13. Oct. 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/banned-books.html. Sipe, Rebecca Bowers. ?Don?t Confront Censors, Prepare for   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Them.? Education Digest Feb. 1996: 42-46. Steffens, Bradley. Censorship. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1996. West, Mark I. ?Some Thoughts on Censorship and the Teaching   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of Huckleberry Finn.? Multi-Cultural Review December. 1996: 42-44. Wilgoren, Jodi. ?Don?t Give Us Little Wizards, The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anti-Potter Parents Cry.? New York Times 1 Nov. 1999:1. Thesis: Censorshipe should not be placed on books. I. Unfairness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Listening   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Parents Views   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Kids Views   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Teachers Views   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Freedom of Learning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Expressing Views   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Trust II. Choice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Kids and Parents   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. People  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. School Boards   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Government Officials   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Censors III. Constitutional Rights   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. What it states   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. How we can change Censorship by an alternative

Mechanism of PM Effects on Human

Mechanism of PM Effects on Human Introduction Further surveies are still needed on understanding the mechanism of effects of PM. Although surveies have shown the injury increasing with increasing PM concentration, the existent contribute facts are non clear. In these limited surveies, different exposure clip shows different effects. Some effects shown in short clip exposure while some effects shown in long clip exposure. Since the true mechanism of PM consequence on cardiovascular is non clear now, extra research of toxicological is needed. To better the measuring of specific consequence of PM on human wellness, environment and survey sample can besides be specified. Aims: The experiment and work on the farther research can be specified as followed short-run aims:Design and better in vivo and in vitro toxicological experimental theoretical accounts. Many surveies has been done on vivo and vitro toxicological experiment to happen the consequence of PM to cardiovascular, nevertheless, the direct parametric quantity of disease haven’t been clarified.Based on the in vivo and in vitro toxicological experiment, farther experiment on cell degree could stipulate the possible direct parametric quantity. The effects on PM on human wellness likely caused by the effects on cells, particularly on vascular cells and lung cells. To gauge the possibility of this premise, the cell experiment is needed.Once the mechanism of PM effects is clarified on cell degree, the molecule degree experiment can be design. The molecule is the concluding parametric quantity of the effects of PM.The farther aims ( 3-5 old ages ) are focused on the survey of emanation control of P M. Based on the mechanism of PM consequence on cell and human wellness, the chief parametric quantity and direct component can be decide. In that instance, the emanation commanding could concentrate on the chief component of PM. Since the composing of PM have varies of chemical, biological or metal particulates, the specific mechanism of effects on wellness can be assortment so the farther surveies are needed in that field. Literature Reappraisal: Cardiovascular disease-related mortality can be triggered when exposure to PM2.5 in a few hours per hebdomad ; greater extent can happen even in a longer-term exposure for case few old ages and can cut down life anticipation by exposed in high sections of population for several old ages. Cardiovascular mortality will cut down with decrease degree of PM within a clip of few old ages. Biological plausibleness to these findings has been proved. Mounting grounds of the injury of cardiovascular effects of air pollution has been published in late informations. The elevated hazard for cardiovascular with exposure to ticket PM2.5 has been corroborated by most of epidemiological surveies. Mechanisms has been studied by many penetrations that PM was proved have ability to advance cardiovascular disease ( CVDs ) . Endothelial disfunction, increased blood force per unit area, vasoconstriction, prothrombotic and systemic inflammatory and oxidative emphasis responses are been proved have linked to air pollutants. Methodology: Work plan1: In Vivo Experiment Model Enhancement. Yeas 1-2 The really first controlled homo survey related to the PM consequence on vascular map was reported that ague conduit arterial vasoconstriction was caused by exposure to concentrated ambient atoms ( CAP ) plus ozone. However, endothelium dependant and independent vasodilation is still at good status. Recently, survey found that PM2.5 is the ground for the inauspicious vascular effects but non ozone. However, all right CAP exposure did turn out ability of decreasing conduit artery endothelium-dependent vasodilation in 24hours, in the late more complicate experiments. However, the happening in Toronto, Canada of CAP-induced endothelial disfunction insight the composing of the atoms is more of import fact to find the mechanism of PM effects on homo. The improved in vivo experiment theoretical account analysis varies sort of particulate affair with different cricks of composing. To better the experiment theoretical account, controlled air pollution exposures is needed. Controlled air poll ution exposure is shown a unsure impact to map of impair endothelial or vasomotor tone. PM2.5 have different beginnings and the combustion-derived beginnings are the maim beginnings. However, some sorts of PM2.5 have a low dosage in combustion-derived beginnings. Besides, particles chemical science survey in old research shows positive determination in Diesel exposure surveies. There is no impair on microvacular endothelial map in healthy subjuests during a 24-hour exposure to ambient pollution shunted into a chamber in busy street. 1 The work plan1 is expected to happen the direct consequence mechanism of PM at tissue degree. Work during the work program 1 will incorporate experiments to obvious the effects of homo in exposure in different sorts of PM. Work program: 2 Improved Toxicological Experiment in cellular degree. Years 2-3 The effects of particulate air pollution and nanoparticles have been investigated. However, respiratory effects are focused by most of the surveies like inspiration, intratracheal or intranasal insillation. It is easy to understand that redness and oxidative emphasis can be caused by exposure to particulate 2. Single-dose intratracheal instillment of diese exhaust atoms can do lung redness characterized by inflow of inflammatory cells accurately. Interleukin-6 was found released in 18 h. Collected from the urban country of Sao Paulo, acute exposure of healthy mice by intranasal intranasal instillment to PM2.5 caused lung redness and oxidative emphasis and worsened lung electric resistance dose-dependent form 3. Pretreatment of mice with eugenol prevented the alterations in lung mechanics, pneumonic redness, and alveolar prostration which reported late by a research group. To work on the cell degree experiment, we can utilize lung cells as the sample. Culture the cell in the ambiance with different sorts of PM to compare their effects. The cell even can be record all the clip with the alteration in its form and chemical composing. Isotopically labled engineering besides can be used as a method to track the particulate and enter their way in the cell. Experiment in cellular degree will supply obvious in cellular degree. Since the effects of PM on homo are complicate procedure, PM may play a function as signal molecule or direct parametric quantity. The concluding outlook of work program 2 should inflect the possible cause and effects of PM. Work plan:3 Molecular degree experiment. TiO2hold many industrial applications. Occring in four crystalline polymorphs of which rutile, TiO2is considered appears much common as anatase. TiO2atom, increased release of lactate dehydrogenase, wll reactive oxygn species every bit good as down mitochondrial activity in human epithelial tissue cells. As a popular phtocalyst, TiO2hold great advantage uncomplete mineralization of organic pollutants in waste H2O and air. However, late researches show that pneumonic neurophilia and the increased look of tumour mortification will caused in the lung tissue 4. Molecular degree experiment obvers the atom activity and will happen the mechanism of the effects. Atom force microscope ( AFM ) or other engineering can be used to plan a series experiments to happen the relation between the particulate form and its influence. We could choose different sorts of atoms with different form and diameter and utilize these sorts of atom to make nature experiment to compare the alteration in sample’s blood and vas. These experiments may take a long clip. Anticipatedsignificance: For this research, the awaited significance is to sum up the mechanism and the consequence of PM on homo. To accomplish the awaited significance, several stairss is needed: 1 ) Design the in vivo and in vitro experiment with utilizing different sorts of PM and reiterate the experiment with different sort of people in different country to minimise the likely mistake ; 2 ) Based on the effect of the first measure, plan the experiment at cell degree to analyse the PM effects on cells. An unreal lung can be built to better the experiment that exists. 3 ) To compare the form and other physical or chemical character of different sorts of PM to find the most harmful character and happen the mechanism at molecule degree. Mention 1.Brauner EV, Moller P, Barregard L, Dragsted LO, Glasius M, Wahlin P, et Al. Exposure to ambient concentrations of particulate air pollution does non act upon vascular map or inflammcatory tracts in immature healthy persons. Part Fibre Toxicol 2008, 5: 13. 2.Nemmar A, Alaˆ?Salam S, Zia S, Marzouqi F, Alaˆ?Dhaheri A, Subramaniyan D, et Al. Contrasting actions of Diesel fumes atoms on the pneumonic and cardiovascular systems and the effects of thymoquinone. British diary of pharmacological medicine 2011, 164 ( 7 ) : 1871-1882. 3.Riva D, Magalhaes C, Lopes A, Lancas T, Mauad T, Malm O, et al. Low dosage of all right particulate affair ( PM2. 5 ) can bring on acute oxidative emphasis, redness and pneumonic damage in healthy mice. Inhalation toxicology 2011, 23 ( 5 ) : 257-267. 4.Melghit K, Al-Rabaniah SS. Photodegradation of Congo ruddy under sunshine catalysed by nanorod rutile TiO & A ; lt ; sub & A ; gt ; 2 & A ; lt ; /sub & A ; gt ; . Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2006, 184 ( 3 ) : 331-334.

A Human Resources Report To The Acquisition Board Of XXYY Corporation

XXYY Corporation acquired Red Slash, a family company that has existed for twenty years.   Red slash will be one of the subsidiaries or associate companies for the XXYY Corporation with the Head office at Santa Clara and many offices all over the world.   The new acquisition changes the management structure, with a focus on the combined entity’s human resources.INTRODUCTION The holding company XXYY Corporation will have an extra, one hundred members of staff.   These new human resources from Red Slash are unskilled and are just working for the family/ friend’s business.   Human resources for the new combined XXYY Corporation need to be transformed by using strategic approaches.   This transformation will be improving the intangible assets or resources, which make up the human capital for the company.The body:Transforming the human resources function using strategic approaches will involve a thorough research and development program, on the human resources depa rtment. The strengths and weakness of the members of staff in Red Slash need to be, determined and the main focus should be on the main weakness, which relates to the employment of unskilled family members and friends.   Human capital need to have the necessary knowledge, skills, education and experience to provide entrepreneurial ability, that will coordinate all the other factors of production and improve the Profitability, Earnings per share, Market value and general returns to the XXYY holding company.A plan to improve the human resources for the combined entity, especially the new employees from the Red slash subsidiary. Implementation of the plan should be within the first financial or economic year from the date of merging. The unskilled human capital need to be rejuvenated so that they can effectively coordinate with those in the Holding company XXYY corporation and with the, operational, middle management and Top management personnel.Tom G (2003)To transform the human res ources of Red slash, I will explain the following strategic approaches:Conducting organization analysis through human resource audits, job analysis and revamping the recruitment and selection process:Revamping refers to the changing or arranging the human capital to achieve the company’s success. Human resources in Red slash were not acquired through just and equitable procedures.   The acquisition Board of XXYY Corporation should officially examine the employees who are currently holding positions in Red Slash.This kind of human capital does not posses the initial ability, knowledge and skill to work for the combined entity.   Retaining this kind of workforce will be to the loss of the company, because revenues will be maximized at high costs; huge salaries and wages being paid to unproductive workforce or human resources.   Family people and friends working for Red Slash should be replaced with new employees.   Selection procedures should be fair and justifiable.   The new workforce structure for XXYY Corporation should be composed of only those who have an ability to deliver. Revenues will therefore be maximized at a favorable cost for the new merger.

Free Essays on James Madison And The Enlightenment

Enlightenment was a movement that prevailed ideas about nature. This happened around the 1700’s. This movement played a major part for the world at that point in time. There were many enlightenment personalities that influenced this movement. The person that I would like to enlighten you about is James Madison. Along with that, I would like to share with you how he contributed to the enlightenment. James Madison first interaction with the enlightenment was when he made up the Virginia plan. The reason for the formation of this plan was to give fair representation to the larder and smaller states. In 1776 he made his first contribution which was, that the exercise of religion is a right not a privilege. He served in Congress since March of 1780. He was one of a few who thought the confederation Government needed to be invested with more power at the state’s expense. Though he engineered compromises, the confederation continued using power. Before he took up the task of reformulating the American government system, he left the national office and served in the Virginia House of delegates. He did this to block the establishment of states supporting churches. In 1787 Madison drafted a plan for a more powerful national government. He took s leading role in shaping the constitution. He devoted himself fully to the constitution being ratified. Then he and some colleagues wrote The Federalists. James Madison helped Virginia become the tenth ratified state. He promised his Virginia Constituency that he would sponsor a series of amendments. These amendments in return would provide a safeguard for the people. Ten of these amendments were ratified and is now know as the Bill of Rights. With Madison and Hamilton in a middle of a dispute, it lead to the formation of two groups; the Federalist and Republican parties. He drafted the Virginia Resolutions. During his final years, he paid attention to the domestic affairs. He establishe... Free Essays on James Madison And The Enlightenment Free Essays on James Madison And The Enlightenment Enlightenment was a movement that prevailed ideas about nature. This happened around the 1700’s. This movement played a major part for the world at that point in time. There were many enlightenment personalities that influenced this movement. The person that I would like to enlighten you about is James Madison. Along with that, I would like to share with you how he contributed to the enlightenment. James Madison first interaction with the enlightenment was when he made up the Virginia plan. The reason for the formation of this plan was to give fair representation to the larder and smaller states. In 1776 he made his first contribution which was, that the exercise of religion is a right not a privilege. He served in Congress since March of 1780. He was one of a few who thought the confederation Government needed to be invested with more power at the state’s expense. Though he engineered compromises, the confederation continued using power. Before he took up the task of reformulating the American government system, he left the national office and served in the Virginia House of delegates. He did this to block the establishment of states supporting churches. In 1787 Madison drafted a plan for a more powerful national government. He took s leading role in shaping the constitution. He devoted himself fully to the constitution being ratified. Then he and some colleagues wrote The Federalists. James Madison helped Virginia become the tenth ratified state. He promised his Virginia Constituency that he would sponsor a series of amendments. These amendments in return would provide a safeguard for the people. Ten of these amendments were ratified and is now know as the Bill of Rights. With Madison and Hamilton in a middle of a dispute, it lead to the formation of two groups; the Federalist and Republican parties. He drafted the Virginia Resolutions. During his final years, he paid attention to the domestic affairs. He establishe...

Evolution of Warfare - Ancient Greece, Romans and Chinese essays

Evolution of Warfare - Ancient Greece, Romans and Chinese essays Throughout the ages, weapons, armor, and even warfare have evolved in astonishing ways to suit societys needs. Many reasons exist for the changes in all these tools. Armor evolved through the need for one to protect him/her-self and weapons evolved alongside to break through this protection. Warfare evolved with society, just as society was evolving itself through time. No other societies better than Ancient Greece, Rome and China can show us how the Age of Armor began and evolved. These societies were the dawn of the great cultures of the world. Greeces epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey best describe the kind of warfare that was used in battle, along with the weaponry and armor of the time. Ancient texts and artifacts grant us access of how Greek warfare had changed and how some aspects of war remained the same, until the Roman times. The Romans improvised and improved a lot of the tactics that were used by the Greeks and along with new inventions they brought warfare into a whole new level. And the Chinese (Qin Dynasty) were the pioneers of many intriguing weaponry and battle tactics. The Greek soldiers were called hoplites (acquired this name from the hoplon, a convex, circular shield, approximately three feet in diameter, made of composite wood and bronze.(Encyclopedia Britannica). These soldiers were characteristically equipped with about seventy pounds of armor, most of which was made of bronze. Hoplites were equipped with a hoplon (shield), a cuirass, a helmet and a greaves which all consistent of bronze and a long thrusting spear with an iron tip and butt, along with a sword. The heavy bronze shield, which was secured on the left arm and hand by a metal band on its inner rim, was the most important part of a hoplite's panoply, as it was his chief defense. Hoplites were the primary focus of the phalanx (an organized, dense line of battle, Jona Lenderin...